A fuel pressure sensor is a component of a fuel injection system.
In fuel injected engines, the type used in most vehicles today, gasoline is sprayed into the cylinders to be compressed and ignited in order to cause and harness combustion. In order for all of the cylinders (anywhere from four to eight or more) to work in sync, the fuel injectors must open and close with precise timing and in the right amount so that each cylinder receives the proper amount of fuel for the given engine speed and load condition. The fuel pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the fuel rail that supplies fuel to the injectors. Any drop in pressure that is detected by the sensor is communicated to the engine control module (ECM, the computer that controls engine function) so that the ECM can adjust the fuel pressure accordingly.
Engines with traditional fuel injection typically have one fuel pressure sensor, while those with direct fuel injection have two.
Since the fuel pressure sensor is a key component in the operation of your vehicle’s fuel injection system, if it fails, the ECM will no longer be able to adjust fuel pressure to compensate for varying engine speeds and loads, such as when you accelerate or are driving up an incline. Your vehicle likely needs a new fuel pressure sensor if you notice that any of the following are happening:
The fuel pressure sensor is located on top of your engine, attached to the fuel rail that supplies fuel to the injectors. To replace the sensor, a technician will take the following general steps:
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