Nearly every one of the thousands of parts that make up a modern vehicle is monitored and/or controlled by way of electrical circuits connected to on-board computer control modules. Each control module is responsible for various vehicle systems, such as the supplemental restraint system, lighting, fuel delivery, and more. There are approximately one hundred control modules in a vehicle.
One such control module and the system that it oversees is the engine control module, or ECM. This device is used by many vehicle manufacturers to monitor and control just about anything that relates to the engine. The air/fuel mixture, ignition timing, exhaust temperature, and dozens more activities.
On some vehicles, engine functions are grouped with others. The powertrain of a vehicle refers to essentially everything that has to do with moving your vehicle - the engine, transmission, axles, wheels, and more. Most of these components are equipped with sensors that help the powertrain control module (PCM) monitor and control vehicle functions that range from vibration levels, pressure, temperature, distance, intake, exhaust, and a host of other features. The PCM also monitors the integrity of the system itself.
Powertrain control system diagnosis and testing is a set of procedures that a technician would follow to investigate any problems that might be present in the powertrain electrical system and associated components. This includes investigation as to why your check engine light comes on.
You can suspect that your vehicle needs powertrain control system diagnosis and testing if you notice any of the following signs:
Powertrain control system diagnosis and testing includes a diagnostic scan with a special computer, a scan tool, followed by a series of “pinpoint” tests aimed at narrowing down the source of a problem. To complete a powertrain control system diagnosis & test, a technician will connect the scan tool to your vehicle’s data port and perform any or all of the following actions:
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